The only way to disprove something is with evidence that it didn’t occur and that we most definitely do not have! The waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen of all the host of Pharaoh that had followed them into the sea, not one of them remained. Let us also remember that even if there were no extra-biblical evidence, lack of evidence does not mean something didn’t happen. For those who do believe, while we don’t need extra Biblical evidence, it makes for interesting reading and even more interesting discussions with non-believers. Nevertheless, the papyrus is not without controversy and scholars differ on whether it is an historical account of the events surrounding the Exodus or fiction (something called “national distress” literature.) Let us remember that once a skeptic accepts the historicity of the Exodus-the supernatural plagues and parting of both the Red Sea and the Jordan-then he is faced with the existence of a supreme being who rules over the world and directs its affairs.
Ipuwer seems to have been a real historical figure and his name (along with the title “Overseer of Singers”) was found on an ancient stone listing a group of royal scribes for the 19 th dynasty. If, like me, you ever wondered why Egypt never bothered the Israelites as they wandered the Sinai Peninsula for the next 40 years, Ipuwer’s papyrus offers a logical explanation. He writes of the resulting chaos and ruin in the land-bankruptcy, crime, famine, rebellion, and invasion. While Scripture doesn’t address the after effects of Egypt’s loss of livestock, grain, wealth, first-born sons, or Pharaoh’s troops, chariots, and charioteers, Ipuwer does. The plagues are but a part of the papyrus and a large portion of it concerns what happened in Egypt after the plagues. Cattle moan… The plague of darkness is reported with, “The land is without light.” In reporting the final plague, Exodus 12:30 says, “And there was a great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where someone was not dead.” Ipuwer reports that, “He who places his brother in the ground is everywhere.… It is groaning throughout the land, mingled with lamentations.” The Bible tells us the Israelites carried away the Egyptians’ wealth and Ipuwer tells of the “gold and lapis lazuli, silver and malachite, carnelian and bronze” that were “fastened on the neck of female slaves.” Ipuwer reports the deadly plague that struck cattle with these words, “All animals, their hearts weep. Even the mention of “lower Egypt” weeping is notable since Scripture says that only in the land of Goshen (in the upper or northern part of the country) was there no hail. Lower Egypt weeps… Forsooth, grain has perished on every side… The entire palace is without its revenues. Men shrink from tasting… and thirst after water… That is our water!… All is ruin.” Compare the words from Exodus 9 to Ipuwer’s: “Forsooth, gates, columns and walls are consumed by fire. Compare today’s verse from Exodus 7 with these from the Ipuwer Papyrus: “Plague is throughout the land. Housed in the Dutch National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden, Netherlands, and first translated in 1909, it’s commonly known as the Admonitions of Ipuwer or the Ipuwer Papyrus.Īppearing to be an eyewitness account, the papyrus describes mayhem, drought, starvation, the escape of slaves (along with Egyptian wealth), and death throughout Egypt. Although the papyrus itself dates from around 1550-1069 BC, it is believed to be a copy of an earlier document written between 20 BC. In the early 1800s, a papyrus was found in Egypt that tells the story of the Exodus from an Egyptian’s point of view. Yet, if it didn’t, Jews and Christians alike are basing their faith on an elaborately constructed lie. Although it is the defining moment in Israel’s history and faith, there are many who choose to disbelieve it ever happened. No story is repeated more in the Old Testament than that of the Exodus. …There was hail and fire flashing continually… And the hail struck down every plant of the field and broke every tree of the field. The Lord sent thunder and hail, and fire ran down to the earth.
… And all the Egyptians dug along the Nile for water to drink, for they could not drink the water of the Nile. There was blood throughout all the land of Egypt. And the fish in the Nile died, and the Nile stank, so that the Egyptians could not drink water from the Nile. And all the water in the Nile turned into blood.
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